Welcome to the CELS home for Mac OS.
Mac OS X Snow Leopard (version 10.6) is the seventh major release of macOS, Apple's desktop and server operating system for Macintosh computers. Snow Leopard was publicly unveiled on June 8, 2009 at Apple’s Worldwide Developers Conference.On August 28, 2009, it was released worldwide, and was made available for purchase from Apple's website and retail stores at the price of US$29 for a.
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If you don't want to receive mac-users e-mail, but would occasionally like to check postings to the list, you can subscribe, but choose no mail delivery as an option. That allows you to view the archive at https://lists.mcs.anl.gov/mailman/private/mac-users/.
Mac OS X Software
NOTE: If you are not in CELS, you must contact your own IT support to install this software.
Argonne licensed software can only be installed on Argonne owned machines.
You may need to be on an internal network to download these packages:
The following packages are not available for general download, and are purchased on an as-needed basis. Contact [email protected] if you wish to order a copy.
DocumentationPrinting
See Printers/Mac_OS_X
Securing a Mac
We recommend the following best practices for securing you Mac.
Install the latest Mac OS patches and security updates
Apple releases patch and security updates regularly. New vulnerabilities are often the target of attackers. We recommend that you apply Apple patches and security updates as soon as they are released. Erase and reinstall mac. When critical security updates are released we will notify all MCS users; for less important updates we will notify individuals subscribed to the mac-users e-mail list.
Disabling services/Enabling the Mac firewall
When on potentially hostile networks you should disable all unnecesary services and enable the Mac OS firewall. The MCS network, or your home network if it sits behind a NAT, would not be considered hostile. Starbucks or any other public WiFi is generally considered hostile.
From the 'Sharing' System Preference, disable all unneeded services.
In the 'Security and Privacy' Preference Pane,
If you need to share, only enable the necessary services or ports while you are actively using them.
Consider AntiVirus software
To protect your Mac from e-mail viruses you should not open attachments unless you know the sender, were expecting that attachment, and you know what it is. If you receive an unexpected attachment from someone you know, you should confirm that they intended on sending it before opening it.
For extra security, you can also install Avast Antivirus, available on the Mac Software page. It will detect and neutralize infected e-mails and disk images.
Argonne also provides McAfee antivirus for lab-managed machines. Contact [email protected] to get it installed on your machine.
Apple Mail configuration
See Mail/Mail
Links
Apple
News
Other
Retrieved from 'http:/// /IT/index.php?title=Mac_OS_X&oldid=4206'
In classic Mac OSSystem 7 and later, and in macOS, an alias is a small file that represents another object in a local, remote, or removable[1]file system and provides a dynamic link to it; the target object may be moved or renamed, and the alias will still link to it (unless the original file is recreated; such an alias is ambiguous and how it is resolved depends on the version of macOS). In Windows, a 'shortcut', a file with a .lnk extension, performs a similar function.
It is similar to the Unixsymbolic link, but with the distinction of working even if the target file moves to another location on the same disk (in this case it acts like a hard link, but the source and target of the link may be on different filesystems, and the target of the link may be a directory). As a descendant of BSD, macOS supports Unix symbolic (and hard) links as well.
Function[edit]
An alias acts as a stand-in for any object in the file system, such as a document, an application, a folder, a hard disk, a network share or removable medium or a printer. When double-clicked, the computer will act the same way as if the original file had been double-clicked. Likewise, choosing an alias file from within a 'File Open' dialog box would open the original file. Adobe premiere pro cs6 free download with crack mac. The purpose of an alias is to assist the user in managing large numbers of files by providing alternative ways to access them without having to copy the files themselves. While a typical alias under the classic Mac OS was small, between 1 and 5 KB, under macOS it can be fairly large, more than 5 MB (5000 KB) for the alias to a folder.
Preventing alias failure[edit]
An alias is a dynamic reference to an object. The original may be moved to another place within the same filesystem, without breaking the link. The operating system stores several pieces of information about the original in the resource fork of the alias file. Examples of the information used to locate the original are:
Since any of these properties can change without the computer's knowledge, as a result of user activity, various search algorithms are used to find the most plausible target. This fault-tolerance sets the alias apart from similar functions in some other operating systems, such as the Unixsymbolic link or the Microsoft Windowsshortcut, at the expense of increased complexity and unpredictability. For example, an application can be moved from one directory to another within the same filesystem, but an existing alias would still launch the same application when double-clicked.
The question can arise of how an alias should work if a file is moved, and then a file is created with the same name as the original moved file, since the alias can be used to locate both the original name and the new location of the original file. With symbolic links the reference is unambiguous (soft links refer to the new file, hard links to the original). Before Mac OS X 10.2, however, such an ambiguous alias would consistently find the original moved file, rather than the recreated file. In Mac OS X 10.2 and later releases, the new file is found, matching the behaviour of symbolic links [1]. macOS applications can programmatically use the old behavior if required.
Aliases are similar in operation to shadows in the graphical Workplace Shell of the OS/2 operating system.
Distinguishing marks[edit]
In System 7 through Mac OS 9, aliases distinguished themselves visually to the user by the fact that their file names were in italics. To accommodate languages that don't have italics (such as Japanese), in Mac OS 8.5 another distinguishing mark was added, badging with an 'alias arrow'—a black arrow with a small white border—similar to that used for shortcuts in Microsoft Windows.
In macOS, the filenames of aliases are not italicized, but the arrow badge remains.
File structure[edit]
The alias files in macOS start by the magic number
62 6F 6F 6B 00 00 00 00 6D 61 72 6B 00 00 00 00 which is in ASCIIbook␀␀␀␀mark␀␀␀␀ (␀ representing the Null character).
Following the magic number, it has been reported that an alias has a set of records inside it, each record is 150 bytes long and consists of the fields shown below (all integers are big endian).[2] However, alias files are far larger than this would explain, and include other information at least including icons.[3][4]
Alias record structure outside of size length[edit]
The following is for use with the Apple's Alias Resource Manager.
Java code to flag an alias file
Latest Mac Os
There is a github repo with working C++ code here.
Managing aliases[edit]User interface[edit]
In System 7, the only way to create an alias was to select the original and choose 'Make Alias' from the 'File' menu. An alias, with the same name and ' alias' appended would then be created in the same folder. In later versions, it became possible to create aliases by drag-and-drop, while holding down the command and option modifier keys.
Mac OS 8.5 added a feature for re-connecting aliases that had been broken for one reason or another (when the simple search algorithms failed to find a reliable replacement). This was done by selecting a new target through the standard Open File dialog.
In Mac OS 8.5 options were added for command-optiondragging an object in the Finder to create an alias at that location. This is where the alias cursor was added to the system. The cursor mirrors the appearance of the 'create shortcut' cursor on Windows systems.
Programming API[edit]
The Alias Manager API is part of Carbon. It is unknown whether it was present in Mac OS Classic.[5]
Mac Os Wikipedia Shqip
Mac OS X 10.6 introduced some alias-related APIs to Cocoa, as a part of
NSURL .[6]
Relation to BSD symbolic and hard links[edit]
Unix and similar operating systems provide 2 features very similar to macOS aliases: symbolic links and hard links. When using the macOS Finder, links are displayed and treated largely like macOS aliases, and even carry an identical 'Kind' attribute. However, when using the shell command line, macOS aliases are not recognized: for example, you cannot use the cd command with the name of an alias file. This is because an alias is implemented as a file on the disk that must be interpreted by an API while links are implemented within the filesystem and are thus functional at any level of the OS.
There is currently no pre-installed command to resolve an alias to the path of the file or directory it refers to. However, a freely available C program makes use of the Mac Carbon APIs to perform this task.[7] Given that, commands such as cd can be set up to check for aliases and treat them just like symbolic or hard links.
References[edit]
External links[edit]El Capitan Mac Os Wiki
Retrieved from 'https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Alias_(Mac_OS)&oldid=1003002174'
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